Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/voditi

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wádīˀtei.

Verb

*vodìti[1][2][3]

to lead, to conduct

Conjugation

Conjugation of *voditi, *vodi, *voditь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*voďenьje	*voditi	*voditъ	*vodilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*voďenъ	*vodimъ
Active	*voďь	*vodę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*vodixъ	*vodi	*vodi	*voďǫ	*vodiši	*voditь
Dual	*vodixově	*vodista	*vodiste	*vodivě	*vodita	*vodite
Plural	*vodixomъ	*vodiste	*vodišę	*vodimъ	*vodite	*vodętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*voďaaxъ	*voďaaše	*voďaaše	—	*vodi	*vodi
Dual	*voďaaxově	*voďaašeta	*voďaašete	*vodivě	*vodita	—
Plural	*voďaaxomъ	*voďaašete	*voďaaxǫ	*vodimъ	*vodite	—

(*)*vodivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Derived terms

*vodъ (“conduct, lead”)
*vojevoda
*vodьnikъ
*sъvodъ
*vodičь (“leader”)
*voďь (“leader, chief”)
*vaditi (“to take out, pull”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: водити (voditi)
  - Old Ruthenian: водити (voditi)
    - Belarusian: вадзі́ць (vadzícʹ)
    - Ukrainian: води́ти (vodýty)
  - Russian: води́ть (vodítʹ)
    - → Kildin Sami: во̄дтэ (vōdte)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: водити (voditi)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰲⱁⰴⰻⱅⰻ (voditi)
- Bulgarian: во́дя (vódja)
- Macedonian: во́ди (vódi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: во̀дити
  
  Latin script: vòditi
- Slovene: vodīti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: voditi
  - Czech: vodit
- Old Polish: wodzić
  - Polish: wodzić
- Slovak: vodiť
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: wodźić
  - Lower Sorbian: wóźiś

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vodìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 523: “v. (b) ‘lead, conduct’”
Olander, Thomas (2001) “voditi: vodjǫ voditь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b lede, føre (PR 137)”
Snoj, Marko (2016) “vodīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*vodi̋ti”

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[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*vodìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 523: “v. (b) ‘lead, conduct’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “voditi: vodjǫ voditь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b lede, føre (PR 137)”

[3] Snoj, Marko (2016) “vodīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*vodi̋ti”