< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hūwilōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

Etymology

Ultimately of imitative origin. Said by Pokorny to be from Proto-Indo-European *kū-,[1] but others dispute this.[2] Also compare *heufaną (“to lament”), *uwwalǭ (“owl”) and *hūwô.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈxuːwi.lɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hūwilōną

  1. to howl; scream

Inflection
Conjugation of *hūwilōną (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hūwilō*hūwilǭ—*hūwilōi ?
2nd singular *hūwilōsi*hūwilōs*hūwilō*hūwilōsai*hūwilōsau
3rd singular *hūwilōþi*hūwilō*hūwilōþau*hūwilōþai*hūwilōþau
1st dual *hūwilōs*hūwilōw———
2nd dual *hūwilōþiz*hūwilōþiz*hūwilōþiz——
1st plural *hūwilōmaz*hūwilōm—*hūwilōnþai*hūwilōnþau
2nd plural *hūwilōþ*hūwilōþ*hūwilōþ*hūwilōnþai*hūwilōnþau
3rd plural *hūwilōnþi*hūwilōn*hūwilōnþau*hūwilōnþai*hūwilōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hūwilōdǭ*hūwilōdēdį̄
2nd singular *hūwilōdēz*hūwilōdēdīz
3rd singular *hūwilōdē*hūwilōdēdī
1st dual *hūwilōdēdū*hūwilōdēdīw
2nd dual *hūwilōdēdudiz*hūwilōdēdīdiz
1st plural *hūwilōdēdum*hūwilōdēdīm
2nd plural *hūwilōdēdud*hūwilōdēdīd
3rd plural *hūwilōdēdun*hūwilōdēdīn
present past
participles *hūwilōndz*hūwilōdaz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *hūwilōn, *hūwulōn, *hūwlōn, *hūlōn
    • Old English: *hūlian
      • Middle English: hulen, houlen, howlen
    • Old Frisian: *hūlia
      • Saterland Frisian: huulje
    • Old Saxon: *hūwilōn, *hūlōn
    • Old Dutch: *hūlon
    • Old High German: hūwilōn, hūlōn; hiuwilōn, hiwilōn
    • → Old French: uller, ouler
  • Old Norse: ýla, úla

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “535-36”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 535-36
  2. van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “huilen”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.