wꜥj

Egyptian

Etymology

Compare wꜥ (“one, alone”), either the source of the verb or a derivation of it.

Pronunciation

(reconstructed Old Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈwiʕjit/

Verb

 3ae inf.

  1. (intransitive) to be(come) alone, to be(come) the sole or only one
    • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 41–45:













      jr.n.j ḫmtw hrw wꜥ.kw jb.j m snnw.j sḏr.kw m ẖnw n(j) kꜣp n(j) ḫt qnj.n.j šwyt
      I spent three days alone, my heart my only companion (literally, “my second”), lying inside a shelter of wood, having embraced the shadows.

Inflection
Conjugation of wꜥj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: wꜥ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
wꜥt, wꜥj
 wꜥw, wꜥ
 wꜥt, wꜥwt, wꜥyt
 wꜥ
 wꜥ, wꜥy
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
wꜥ8
 ḥr wꜥt, ḥr wꜥj
 m wꜥt, m wꜥj
 r wꜥt, r wꜥj
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect wꜥ.n
 consecutive wꜥ.jn
terminative wꜥt, wꜥyt
perfective3 wꜥ
 obligative1 wꜥ.ḫr
imperfective wꜥ, wꜥy
prospective3 wꜥw, wꜥ, wꜥy
 potentialis1 wꜥ.kꜣ
subjunctive wꜥ, wꜥy
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect wꜥ.n
 — —
perfective wꜥw1, wꜥy, wꜥ
 wꜥ
 wꜥy, wꜥ
imperfective wꜥ, wꜥy, wꜥw5
 wꜥ, wꜥj6, wꜥy6
 wꜥ, wꜥw5
prospective wꜥw1, wꜥy, wꜥ, wꜥtj7
 wꜥwtj1 4, wꜥtj4, wꜥt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
  8. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 219.
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