Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bit(t)rōn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *bit(t)r (“bitter”) +‎ *-ōn.

Verb

*bit(t)rōn

to make bitter
to become bitter
to be angry

Inflection

Class 2 weak
Infinitive	*bit(t)rōn
1st sg. past	*bit(t)rōdā
Infinitive	*bit(t)rōn
Genitive infin.	*bit(t)rōnijas
Dative infin.	*bit(t)rōnijē
Instrum. infin.	*bit(t)rōniju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*bit(t)rō	*bit(t)rōdā
2nd singular	*bit(t)rōs	bit(t)rōdēs, bit(t)rōdōs
3rd singular	*bit(t)rōþ	bit(t)rōdē, bit(t)rōdā
1st plural	*bit(t)rōm	*bit(t)rōdum
2nd plural	*bit(t)rōþ	*bit(t)rōdud
3rd plural	*bit(t)rōnþ	*bit(t)rōdun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*bit(t)rō	*bit(t)rōdī
2nd singular	*bit(t)rōs	*bit(t)rōdī
3rd singular	*bit(t)rō	*bit(t)rōdī
1st plural	*bit(t)rōm	*bit(t)rōdīm
2nd plural	*bit(t)rōþ	*bit(t)rōdīd
3rd plural	*bit(t)rōn	*bit(t)rōdīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*bit(t)rō
Plural	*bit(t)rōþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*bit(t)rōndī	*bit(t)rōd

Descendants

Old English: biterian, bitrian
- Middle English: bitteren, bittren
  - English: bitter
Old Frisian: *bitria
- West Frisian: bitterje
Old Saxon: bittron
- Middle Low German: bitteren
Old Dutch: *bitteron
- Middle Dutch: bitteren
  - Dutch: bitteren
Old High German: bittarōn
- Middle High German: bitteren, bittern
  - German: bittern

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