Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ḳaraṣ-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

Compare Central Atlas Tamazight ⵇⵇⵙ (qqs).

Verb

*ḳaraṣ-

to poke, to prick

Conjugation

Conjugation of Proto-Semitic/ḳaraṣ- (paʕala)

		singular				dual			plural
verbal noun					*ḳarṣ-
active participle					*ḳāriṣ-
passive participle					ḳarīṣ-, ḳarūṣ-
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
perfect	m	*ḳaraṣku	*ḳaraṣka	*ḳaraṣa		*ḳaraṣkayā	*ḳaraṣkā	*ḳaraṣā	*ḳaraṣna	*ḳaraṣkanu	*ḳaraṣū
perfect	f	*ḳaraṣku	*ḳaraṣki	*ḳaraṣat		*ḳaraṣkayā	*ḳaraṣkā	*ḳaraṣatā	*ḳaraṣna	*ḳaraṣkina	*ḳaraṣā

imperfect	m	*ʔaḳruṣ	*taḳruṣ	*yiḳruṣ			*taḳruṣā	*yaḳruṣā	*niḳruṣ	*taḳruṣū	*yiḳruṣū
imperfect	f	*ʔaḳruṣ	*taḳruṣī	*taḳruṣ			*taḳruṣā	*taḳruṣā	*niḳruṣ	*taḳruṣā	*yiḳruṣā

imperative	m		*ḳaruṣ				*ḳaruṣā			*ḳaruṣū
imperative	f		*ḳaruṣī				*ḳaruṣā			*ḳaruṣā

Descendants

East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒋺 (karāṣum, garāṣum, ḫarāṣum, qarāṣum, “to nip off”)
West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: قَرَصَ (qaraṣa, “to pinch”)
  - Arabic: قَرَضَ (qaraḍa, “to cut, to gnaw”)
- Northwest Semitic:
  - Aramaic:
  Classical Syriac: ܩܪܰܨ (qəraṣ, “to pinch”)
  - Ugaritic: 𐎖𐎗𐎕 (qrṣ /⁠qaraṣa⁠/, “to shape clay into an effigy”)
- Ethiopian Semitic:
  - Amharic: ቀረጸ (ḳäräṣä, “to incise”)
  - Ge'ez: ቀረጸ (ḳäräṣä, “to incise”)
  - Tigrinya: ቀረጸ (ḳäräṣä, “to incise”)
- → Old Armenian: կրծեմ (krcem, “to gnaw”) (perhaps)