< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱóymos

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From o-grade of the root *ḱey- (“to settle”) +‎ *-mos.

Adjective

*ḱóymos[1][2][3][4]

  1. homely, kin

Declension
Thematic
masculine feminine
nominative *ḱóymos *ḱóymeh₂
genitive *ḱóymosyo *ḱóymeh₂s
masculine singular dual plural
nominative *ḱóymos *ḱóymoh₁ *ḱóymoes
vocative *ḱóyme *ḱóymoh₁ *ḱóymoes
accusative *ḱóymom *ḱóymoh₁ *ḱóymoms
genitive *ḱóymosyo *? *ḱóymoHom
ablative *ḱóymead *? *ḱóymomos
dative *ḱóymoey *? *ḱóymomos
locative *ḱóymey, *ḱóymoy *? *ḱóymoysu
instrumental *ḱóymoh₁ *? *ḱóymōys
feminine singular dual plural
nominative *ḱóymeh₂ *ḱóymeh₂h₁(e) *ḱóymeh₂es
vocative *ḱóymeh₂ *ḱóymeh₂h₁(e) *ḱóymeh₂es
accusative *ḱóymām *ḱóymeh₂h₁(e) *ḱóymeh₂m̥s
genitive *ḱóymeh₂s *? *ḱóymeh₂oHom
ablative *ḱóymeh₂s *? *ḱóymeh₂mos
dative *ḱóymeh₂ey *? *ḱóymeh₂mos
locative *ḱóymeh₂, *ḱóymeh₂i *? *ḱóymeh₂su
instrumental *ḱóymeh₂h₁ *? *ḱóymeh₂mis
neuter singular dual plural
nominative *ḱóymom *ḱóymoy(h₁) *ḱóymeh₂
vocative *ḱóymom *ḱóymoy(h₁) *ḱóymeh₂
accusative *ḱóymom *ḱóymoy(h₁) *ḱóymeh₂
genitive *ḱóymosyo *? *ḱóymoHom
ablative *ḱóymead *? *ḱóymomos
dative *ḱóymoey *? *ḱóymomos
locative *ḱóymey, *ḱóymoy *? *ḱóymoysu
instrumental *ḱóymoh₁ *? *ḱóymōys

Alternative reconstructions

Descendants
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Latvian: sàime
      • Lithuanian: šeimà, šeimė, šeĩmas
      • Proto-Slavic: *sěmь (see there for further descendants)
      • → Proto-Finnic: *haimo (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *káimas (possibly borrowed from a centum language)
      • Latvian: cìems
      • Lithuanian: kiẽmas
      • Old Prussian: caymis
      • → Proto-Finnic: *kaima (see there for further descendants)
      • → Proto-Samic: *kuojmē (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Celtic: *koimos (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *haimaz (or from *tḱóymos) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *kóimos

Notes
  1. With *tḱey- as the root, including Sanskrit क्षेम (kṣéma) and excluding Ancient Greek κοιμάω (koimáō).

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2015) “kiemas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 243-244
  2. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*koymo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 220
  3. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kaima-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 201
  4. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κεῖμαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 663-664
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