αἰσθάνομαι

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms
  • αἴσθομαι (aísthomai)

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *awistʰomai, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewis-dʰh₁-, from *h₂ew- (“to see, perceive”), from which also comes ἀΐω (aḯō). Cognates include Latin audiō (“I hear”), Sanskrit आविस् (āvís, “openly, manifestly, evidently”), and Hittite 𒌋𒀪𒄭 (u-uḫ-ḫi, “I see”).

Pronunciation
 

Verb

αἰσθάνομαι • (aisthánomai)

  1. (transitive) to perceive, apprehend, notice [+genitive or accusative = something], [+nominative participle = oneself doing, that one is doing], [+genitive and genitive participle = that someone or something is doing, does], with ὅτι (hóti) or ὡς (hōs) and a verb: that ...
    • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, 2 51.4:
      δεινότατον δὲ παντὸς ἦν τοῦ κακοῦ ἥ τε ἀθυμία ὁπότε τις αἴσθοιτο κάμνων
      deinótaton dè pantòs ên toû kakoû hḗ te athumía hopóte tis aísthoito kámnōn
      The most horrible misery of all was the despair when someone felt themselves getting sick
    • 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, For Mantitheus 20:
      ἤδη δέ τινων ᾐσθόμην, ὦ βουλή, καὶ διὰ ταῦτα ἀχθομένων μοι, ὅτι νεώτερος ὢν ἐπεχείρησα λέγειν ἐν τῷ δήμῳ.
      ḗdē dé tinōn ēisthómēn, ô boulḗ, kaì dià taûta akhthoménōn moi, hóti neṓteros ṑn epekheírēsa légein en tôi dḗmōi.
      I have by now observed, council, that some people are annoyed at me that I am too young to attempt speaking in public.
    • 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Theag. 122c:
      αἰσθώμεθα γελοῖοι ὄντες
      aisthṓmetha geloîoi óntes
      we may see that we are ridiculous
  2. (transitive, intransitive) to understand
  3. (transitive) to learn

Inflection
   Present: αἰσθάνομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle/
passive		 indicative αἰσθάνομαι αἰσθάνῃ,
αἰσθάνει		 αἰσθάνεται αἰσθάνεσθον αἰσθάνεσθον αἰσθανόμεθᾰ αἰσθάνεσθε αἰσθάνονται
subjunctive αἰσθάνωμαι αἰσθάνῃ αἰσθάνηται αἰσθάνησθον αἰσθάνησθον αἰσθανώμεθᾰ αἰσθάνησθε αἰσθάνωνται
optative αἰσθανοίμην αἰσθάνοιο αἰσθάνοιτο αἰσθάνοισθον αἰσθανοίσθην αἰσθανοίμεθᾰ αἰσθάνοισθε αἰσθάνοιντο
imperative   αἰσθάνου αἰσθανέσθω αἰσθάνεσθον αἰσθανέσθων   αἰσθάνεσθε αἰσθανέσθων
middle/passive
infinitive αἰσθάνεσθαι
participle m αἰσθανόμενος
f αἰσθανομένη
n αἰσθανόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ᾐσθανόμην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle/
passive		 indicative ᾐσθανόμην ᾐσθάνου ᾐσθάνετο ᾐσθάνεσθον ᾐσθανέσθην ᾐσθανόμεθᾰ ᾐσθάνεσθε ᾐσθάνοντο
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: αἰσθήσομαι, αἰσθηθήσομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle indicative αἰσθήσομαι αἰσθήσῃ,
αἰσθήσει		 αἰσθήσεται αἰσθήσεσθον αἰσθήσεσθον αἰσθησόμεθᾰ αἰσθήσεσθε αἰσθήσονται
optative αἰσθησοίμην αἰσθήσοιο αἰσθήσοιτο αἰσθήσοισθον αἰσθησοίσθην αἰσθησοίμεθᾰ αἰσθήσοισθε αἰσθήσοιντο
passive indicative αἰσθηθήσομαι αἰσθηθήσῃ αἰσθηθήσεται αἰσθηθήσεσθον αἰσθηθήσεσθον αἰσθηθησόμεθᾰ αἰσθηθήσεσθε αἰσθηθήσονται
optative αἰσθηθησοίμην αἰσθηθήσοιο αἰσθηθήσοιτο αἰσθηθήσοισθον αἰσθηθησοίσθην αἰσθηθησοίμεθᾰ αἰσθηθήσοισθε αἰσθηθήσοιντο
middle passive
infinitive αἰσθήσεσθαι αἰσθηθήσεσθαι
participle m αἰσθησόμενος αἰσθηθησόμενος
f αἰσθησομένη αἰσθηθησομένη
n αἰσθησόμενον αἰσθηθησόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: αἰσθανθήσομαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
passive indicative αἰσθανθήσομαι αἰσθανθήσῃ αἰσθανθήσεται αἰσθανθήσεσθον αἰσθανθήσεσθον αἰσθανθησόμεθᾰ αἰσθανθήσεσθε αἰσθανθήσονται
optative αἰσθανθησοίμην αἰσθανθήσοιο αἰσθανθήσοιτο αἰσθανθήσοισθον αἰσθανθησοίσθην αἰσθανθησοίμεθᾰ αἰσθανθήσοισθε αἰσθανθήσοιντο
passive
infinitive αἰσθανθήσεσθαι
participle m αἰσθανθησόμενος
f αἰσθανθησομένη
n αἰσθανθησόμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ᾐσθόμην, ᾐσθήθην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle indicative ᾐσθόμην ᾔσθου ᾔσθετο ᾔσθεσθον ᾐσθέσθην ᾐσθόμεθᾰ ᾔσθεσθε ᾔσθοντο
subjunctive αἴσθωμαι αἴσθῃ αἴσθηται αἴσθησθον αἴσθησθον αἰσθώμεθᾰ αἴσθησθε αἴσθωνται
optative αἰσθοίμην αἴσθοιο αἴσθοιτο αἴσθοισθον αἰσθοίσθην αἰσθοίμεθᾰ αἴσθοισθε αἴσθοιντο
imperative   αἰσθοῦ αἰσθέσθω αἴσθεσθον αἰσθέσθων   αἴσθεσθε αἰσθέσθων
passive indicative ᾐσθήθην ᾐσθήθης ᾐσθήθη ᾐσθήθητον ᾐσθηθήτην ᾐσθήθημεν ᾐσθήθητε ᾐσθήθησᾰν
subjunctive αἰσθηθῶ αἰσθηθῇς αἰσθηθῇ αἰσθηθῆτον αἰσθηθῆτον αἰσθηθῶμεν αἰσθηθῆτε αἰσθηθῶσῐ(ν)
optative αἰσθηθείην αἰσθηθείης αἰσθηθείη αἰσθηθεῖτον,
αἰσθηθείητον		 αἰσθηθείτην,
αἰσθηθειήτην		 αἰσθηθεῖμεν,
αἰσθηθείημεν		 αἰσθηθεῖτε,
αἰσθηθείητε		 αἰσθηθεῖεν,
αἰσθηθείησᾰν
imperative   αἰσθήθητῐ αἰσθηθήτω αἰσθήθητον αἰσθηθήτων   αἰσθήθητε αἰσθηθέντων
middle passive
infinitive αἰσθέσθαι αἰσθηθῆναι
participle m αἰσθόμενος αἰσθηθείς
f αἰσθομένη αἰσθηθεῖσᾰ
n αἰσθόμενον αἰσθηθέν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ᾐσθησᾰ́μην, ᾐσθήθην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle indicative ᾐσθησᾰ́μην ᾐσθήσω ᾐσθήσᾰτο ᾐσθήσᾰσθον ᾐσθησᾰ́σθην ᾐσθησᾰ́μεθᾰ ᾐσθήσᾰσθε ᾐσθήσᾰντο
subjunctive αἰσθήσωμαι αἰσθήσῃ αἰσθήσηται αἰσθήσησθον αἰσθήσησθον αἰσθησώμεθᾰ αἰσθήσησθε αἰσθήσωνται
optative αἰσθησαίμην αἰσθήσαιο αἰσθήσαιτο αἰσθήσαισθον αἰσθησαίσθην αἰσθησαίμεθᾰ αἰσθήσαισθε αἰσθήσαιντο
imperative   αἴσθησαι αἰσθησᾰ́σθω αἰσθήσᾰσθον αἰσθησᾰ́σθων   αἰσθήσᾰσθε αἰσθησᾰ́σθων
passive indicative ᾐσθήθην ᾐσθήθης ᾐσθήθη ᾐσθήθητον ᾐσθηθήτην ᾐσθήθημεν ᾐσθήθητε ᾐσθήθησᾰν
subjunctive αἰσθηθῶ αἰσθηθῇς αἰσθηθῇ αἰσθηθῆτον αἰσθηθῆτον αἰσθηθῶμεν αἰσθηθῆτε αἰσθηθῶσῐ(ν)
optative αἰσθηθείην αἰσθηθείης αἰσθηθείη αἰσθηθεῖτον,
αἰσθηθείητον		 αἰσθηθείτην,
αἰσθηθειήτην		 αἰσθηθεῖμεν,
αἰσθηθείημεν		 αἰσθηθεῖτε,
αἰσθηθείητε		 αἰσθηθεῖεν,
αἰσθηθείησᾰν
imperative   αἰσθήθητῐ αἰσθηθήτω αἰσθήθητον αἰσθηθήτων   αἰσθήθητε αἰσθηθέντων
middle passive
infinitive αἰσθήσᾰσθαι αἰσθηθῆναι
participle m αἰσθησᾰ́μενος αἰσθηθείς
f αἰσθησᾰμένη αἰσθηθεῖσᾰ
n αἰσθησᾰ́μενον αἰσθηθέν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Perfect: ᾔσθημαι
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
middle/
passive		 indicative ᾔσθημαι ᾔσθησαι ᾔσθηται ᾔσθησθον ᾔσθησθον ᾐσθήμεθᾰ ᾔσθησθε ᾔσθηνται
subjunctive ᾐσθημένος ὦ ᾐσθημένος ᾖς ᾐσθημένος ᾖ ᾐσθημένω ἦτον ᾐσθημένω ἦτον ᾐσθημένοι ὦμεν ᾐσθημένοι ἦτε ᾐσθημένοι ὦσῐ(ν)
optative ᾐσθημένος εἴην ᾐσθημένος εἴης ᾐσθημένος εἴη ᾐσθημένω εἴητον/εἶτον ᾐσθημένω εἰήτην/εἴτην ᾐσθημένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν ᾐσθημένοι εἴητε/εἶτε ᾐσθημένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν
imperative   ᾔσθησο ᾐσθήσθω ᾔσθησθον ᾐσθήσθων   ᾔσθησθε ᾐσθήσθων
middle/passive
infinitive ᾐσθῆσθαι
participle m ᾐσθημένος
f ᾐσθημένη
n ᾐσθημένον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Greek: αισθάνομαι (aisthánomai)

Further reading
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